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Just steve's avatar

In my third article Fenugreek and Okra are found to remove microplastics from the water. Just wondering if such use of either may remove those same microplastics from our Gut? Maybe there is current research testing for such, if not. future research would answer the question.

Guillermou's avatar

A meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model to investigate the association between diabetes and breast cancer risk. The risk of breast cancer in women with type 2 diabetes is increased by 27%, a figure that decreased to 16% after adjustment for BMI.

https://www.nature.com/articles/bjc2012414/ (2012)

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. That diabetes mellitus is associated with adverse outcomes in breast cancer throughout its full course, from initial presentation, during treatment (affecting the choice of treatment), and, ultimately, to mortality. Diabetes therefore deserves additional attention to assess possible causal relationships that potentially could be modified to improve outcomes.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3055858/ (2011)-------------------------------------

Metabolic alterations locally affect mammary adipose tissue (AT) and interfere with the molecular mechanisms of bidirectional communication between fat and cancer cells, which could contribute to worsening the cancer phenotype. Some factors released from AT contribute to AT remodeling, adipogenesis, innervation, and angiogenesis by acting in autocrine and paracrine ways. Other AT factors act endocrinely and influence the functions of many tissues, thus controlling appetite, food intake, glucose elimination, and energy expenditure. More than 350 proteins have been identified in mammary AT using proteomic approaches. These factors are called "adipokines" and include leptin, adiponectin, resistin, growth factors (IGF1, insulin-like growth factor 1; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; EGF, epidermal growth factor; FGF, fibroblast growth factor; HGF, hepatocyte growth factor; NGF, nerve growth factor; TGFβ, transforming growth factor), enzymes (autotaxin), and cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1, IL-6, IL-8, CCL5, tumor necrosis factor-TNF-α).

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2020.01554/full (2022)------------------------------------

The association between insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and cancer is increasingly recognized and represents a growing challenge to global health, given the increase The incidence of these conditions is constantly increasing. Studies indicate that people with type 2 diabetes have a 10% to 20% increased risk of developing various solid tumors, including colorectal, breast, pancreatic, and liver cancers. The relative risk (RR) varies depending on the type of cancer: pancreatic and liver cancers show a particularly strong association (RR 2.0–2.5), while colorectal and breast cancers show a moderate increase (RR 1.2–1.5). Insulin resistance contributes to hyperglycemia, chronic inflammation, and altered lipid metabolism. Together, these factors create a pro-tumor environment conducive to cancer development and progression. In individuals with insulin resistance (IR), hyperinsulinemia activates the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1R) signaling pathway, which in turn activates cancer-associated pathways, such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PIK3CA), that promote cell proliferation and survival, thus favoring tumor growth. Both IR and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are associated with increased morbidity and mortality in cancer patients.

This meta-analysis offers a comprehensive view of the various clinical, sociodemographic, and lifestyle factors that influence breast cancer mortality. The findings highlight the disproportionate burden of mortality in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in Africa, where access to early detection, quality treatment, and follow-up care remains limited. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11010-025-05245-8 (2025)--------------------------------------------

Major modifiable risk factors, such as obesity, smoking, diabetes, and HIV seropositivity, were consistently associated with increased mortality, reinforcing the importance of integrated noncommunicable disease (NCD) prevention within national cancer control programs. Furthermore, effective therapeutic interventions and hormone therapy were associated with significantly improved survival, underscoring the crucial need to expand access to these treatments through universal health coverage, public procurement, and capacity building for healthcare personnel.

In addition, the high mortality observed in patients with luminal B subtypes, high allostatic burden, and advanced age underscores the importance of molecular subtyping, psychosocial assessment, and early intervention. These findings advocate for personalized care models that incorporate not only biological risk factors but also social determinants of health.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-025-24036-w (2026)

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