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The report is very interesting. The brain, despite its relatively small size, is an energy-intensive organ, accounting for around 20% of the body's energy expenditure. The main function of creatine in the brain is to maintain levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the cell's main source of energy supporting various cognitive processes, such as memory, attention, problem solving and mood. . About 73% stop taking antidepressants within the first six months, largely due to the high prevalence of side effects, including sexual dysfunction (71.8% of patients), weight gain (63.5% %) and emotional numbness (64.5%).

Creatine plays a role in maintaining the balance of neurochemicals in the brain, which can be crucial for mental health. Creatine could influence the functioning of neurotransmitter systems linked to mood regulation.

Experimental studies suggest that creatine supplementation can produce significant improvements in memory performance, especially in older people, but also in situations where the brain is subject to metabolic stress, such as lack of sleep or mental fatigue. Creatine is also synthesized in the liver, pancreas and kidneys, mainly from the amino acids arginine, glycine and methionine. Vegetarians and older people are the largest groups of creatine deficiency.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40279-023-01870-9 (2023).--

https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/51712 (2024).--

https://repository.rcsi.com/articles/journal_contribution/Creatine_and_cognition_enhancing_the_brain_through_creatine_supplementation/25896580 (2024).--

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780443237638000580 (2024).--

https://www.sci-sport.com/en/articles/Creatine-and-brain-health-cognitive-and-neurological-benefits-242.php (2024).--

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-54249-9 (2024).--

Overall, creatine supplementation has been shown to improve whole-body lean tissue mass, regional muscle size/density, muscle strength, endurance, and power in a variety of populations. In general, a creatine loading phase (∼20 g/day for ≤ 7 days), with and without a creatine maintenance phase (i.e., 3-5 g/day) appears sufficient to produce benefits in skeletal muscle. in most populations. Alternatively, a relative dosing strategy of 0.1 g creatine/kg/day is a viable option. Creatine supplementation may have favorable effects on measures of bone biology both in disease states and in healthy older adults.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950273X24000249 (2024).-

Preliminary studies demonstrated beneficial effects of dietary creatine on different post-viral fatigue syndromes. Delivery of exogenous creatine with glucose could be recommended as an effective procedure to replenish brain creatine pool and alleviate long COVID features in this prevalent condition.

https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jnsv/70/2/70_174/_article/-char/ja/ (2024).-

In this study that included a total of 2,940 participants over 60 years of age, multivariate analysis showed that PC1, which represented metabolites mainly of essential amino acids, was associated with lower odds of cognitive impairment (OR = 0.89). PC2, which mainly included ketone bodies, was associated with cognitive impairment (OR = 1.29). PC3, which included amino acids, was associated with lower odds of cognitive impairment (OR = 0.81.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38972731/ (2024).--

We must consider the gut-brain relationship. Studies suggest that Cr deficiency in IEC secondary to creatine transporter dysregulation could be a key factor contributing to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and invasive E. coli infection.

https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/12/6537 (2023).--

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