Mitochondrial dysfunction is caused by poor nutrition. highly processed and contaminated food with pesticides, a load of sugars and additives, vaccines, fluoridated and contaminated water, stress, etc., Mitochondria are especially abundant in the organs and tissues of the body with higher energy requirements. Supplements and lifestyle changes can improve mitochondrial health by increasing the availability of proteins needed for ATP production (activation of AMPK, PCG-1a, NAD+, SIRT1. They also act as antioxidants, helping mitochondria to reduce oxidative stress and other important functions, including: signaling, differentiation, programmed cell death and control of cell growth. Additional support for mitochondrial function includes acetyl-L-carnitine, nicotinamide, Q10, pyrroloquinoline quinone, vitamin C, choline, NADH, -lipoic acid, -ketoglutaric acid, resveratrol, N-acetylcysteine, magnesium, and a multivitamin and quality ore. In the following link more references:
Individual metabolic processes to produce NAD may be different based on age, disease, and genetics. The "raw materials" or "building blocks" (metabolic precursors) that the body needs to produce (synthesis) NAD+: 1.- Nicotinamide riboside (NR) 2.- Tryptophan (L-Trp) 3.- Nicotinic acid 4.- Nicotinamide 5.- Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) Supplementation with NAD+ precursors involved in "recovery pathways" (such as nicotinamide riboside and NMN) is relatively more effective in increasing cellular NAD+ levels compared to those involved in the "de novo" pathway. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/.../PMC4112140 (2014) pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19286518 (2009) NAD acts as a cofactor in several oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions and is a substrate for several non-redox enzymes.
NAD is critical to a variety of cellular processes, including energy metabolism, cell signaling, and epigenetics. NAD homeostasis appears to be of paramount importance for health and longevity, and its dysregulation is associated with multiple diseases. NAD metabolism is dynamic and is maintained by synthesis and degradation. Dysregulation of CD38 causes changes in NAD homeostasis and contributes to the pathophysiology of multiple conditions.
In fact, in animal models, the development of infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, fibrosis, metabolic diseases, and age-associated diseases, including cancer, heart disease, and neurodegeneration, are associated with altered CD38 enzymatic activity. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35138178 (2022) Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) increases mitochondrial energy and its deficiency is an essential factor in chronic diseases and aging. Avoiding DNA damage, and oxidative stress, by modulating enzymes such as sirtuins, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and AP endonuclease. www.liebertpub.com/.../ars.2017.7445 (2018)
Patients with short telomeres often experience bone marrow failure. we investigated the effect of NAD supplementation with the NAD precursor, nicotinamide riboside (NR), on the characteristics of the period of health disrupted by telomere impairment. NR improved body weight loss and improved telomere integrity and systemic inflammation induced by telomere dysfunction. In addition, NR alleviated villous atrophy and inflammation in the small intestine. link.springer.com/.../s11357-023-00752-2 (2023) Quercetin and apigenin increase NAD+ levels through inhibition of the multifunctional protein CD38 that is present in mitochondria.
CD38 levels increase in tissues with age and correlate with decreased NAD www.timelesslifemag.com/index.php/2016/06/29/quercetin-apegenin-may-sl.. (2016 ) Scientific evidence suggests that dietary polyphenols such as resveratrol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), and curcumin increase sirtuin activity and enhance NAD. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/.../PMC2896035 Nrf2 diet, covers electromagnetic fields and favors mitochondrial function, promotes powerful antioxidants such as NAD, quinone oxidoreductase and glutathione S-transferases, and many others.
DNA damage and loss of the central metabolite NAD may contribute to both aging and COPD, and could be a target for interventions. An important event in aging is the loss of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a loss that may be important in promoting the proinflammatory environment that occurs with aging and therefore possibly COPD. In fact, NAD+ is emerging as a central metabolic molecule involved in multiple age-related pathways, including inflammation and metabolic control. Recently, the age-associated loss of NAD+ was shown to be due to M1 polarization of macrophages, suggesting that NAD+ is required for macrophage activation, an event that is involved in the pulmonary inflammatory response.
In humans, the therapeutic potential of increasing NAD+ levels through supplementation with one of its more bioavailable precursors has attracted attention. In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we treated stable COPD patients with the NAD precursor nicotinamide riboside (NR) for 6 weeks and followed up 12 weeks later. NAD levels were lower in COPD patients compared with controls with healthy lungs and correlated with lung function. NR significantly increased NAD levels, reduced lung inflammation, and cellular senescence in vivo and in vitro. Our findings suggest that NR could be a viable treatment option for COPD patients. papers.ssrn.com/.../papers.cfm (2023)
NR has been shown to return aged tissues to a younger state, possibly by increasing the sirtuin family of enzymes, known to play important roles in nearly all cellular functions. COPD patients have reduced airway sirtuin levels probably due to oxidative stress. Because sirtuins are NAD+ dependent, NR supplementation could serve as a treatment option for COPD patients through sirtuin activation. In addition, NAD+ replacement may facilitate greater overall resilience in older patients, considering the antiaging effects of nicotinamide riboside, allowing these patients to better cope with infections.
The chosen dose is 2 g per day orally. This dose has been shown to be safe and tolerated. The dose will be divided in two with the ingestion of 1 g in the morning and 1 g at night. NR is a natural vitamin B3 analog produced by yeast and found in many food products in low concentration. Many organisms, including humans, cannot produce NR, but instead have developed methods to convert it to the central redox modulator NAD+. Nicotinamide Riboside can return aged tissues to a younger state even after short-term treatment.
This vitamin B3 analog occurs naturally, is easily absorbed through oral administration, and has been tested in human trials with few side effects. Since this is a natural compound found widely in nature, no subjects have yet developed allergic responses to the molecule, and repeated doses of up to 2 g orally per day have demonstrated an acceptable safety profile. No treatment-emergent adverse events have been reported for NR to date. www.centerwatch.com/clinical-trials/listings/279828/inflammation-in-co.. (2023)
Very informative, I wonder if it's possible to just take it twice a week, without interruption for long time, for example 4-5 months in a row.
I would like also to see an article about Vit B5, which is a component of the Vit B complex, and is also named "Calcium Pantothenate". Is it a derivative of calcium supplement? (considering that Ca is not healthy to take as a supplement).
I'm confused about dosage. In the article Dr. Mercola says, 50 mg of niacinamide 3 times a day. ..."in most supplement brands, the lowest available dose is 500 mg, and that will decrease NAD+ due to negative feedback on NAMPT, which is the opposite of what you're looking for. There are several other dosages mentioned in the article 200-300 mg. daily short term, I think. I'd like to take this but don't want to be counterproductive.
Wonderful information! So, if a B-complex supplement includes Niacin (B3) would you ALSO take 50 mg of Niacinamide 3x per day? Would that be overdosing?
Mitochondrial dysfunction is caused by poor nutrition. highly processed and contaminated food with pesticides, a load of sugars and additives, vaccines, fluoridated and contaminated water, stress, etc., Mitochondria are especially abundant in the organs and tissues of the body with higher energy requirements. Supplements and lifestyle changes can improve mitochondrial health by increasing the availability of proteins needed for ATP production (activation of AMPK, PCG-1a, NAD+, SIRT1. They also act as antioxidants, helping mitochondria to reduce oxidative stress and other important functions, including: signaling, differentiation, programmed cell death and control of cell growth. Additional support for mitochondrial function includes acetyl-L-carnitine, nicotinamide, Q10, pyrroloquinoline quinone, vitamin C, choline, NADH, -lipoic acid, -ketoglutaric acid, resveratrol, N-acetylcysteine, magnesium, and a multivitamin and quality ore. In the following link more references:
33 NATURAL WAYS TO IMPROVE MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTION selfhacked.com/blog/natural-ways-to-improve-mitochondrial-function/ (2022). onlinelibrary.wiley.com/.../full (2017) www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010716-104908 (2018) link.springer.com/.../10.1007%2F978-3-319-73344-9 (2018) Niacinamide is the precursor of NAD+ and therefore supplementation is claimed to increase levels of this molecule and improve mitochondrial function. Niacinamide can improve the mitochondrial quality of cells by causing dysfunctional mitochondria to fragment (autophagy). This effect was observed in human cells, resulting in reduced levels of mitochondria but maintaining normal mitochondria function. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19473119 (2018)
Individual metabolic processes to produce NAD may be different based on age, disease, and genetics. The "raw materials" or "building blocks" (metabolic precursors) that the body needs to produce (synthesis) NAD+: 1.- Nicotinamide riboside (NR) 2.- Tryptophan (L-Trp) 3.- Nicotinic acid 4.- Nicotinamide 5.- Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) Supplementation with NAD+ precursors involved in "recovery pathways" (such as nicotinamide riboside and NMN) is relatively more effective in increasing cellular NAD+ levels compared to those involved in the "de novo" pathway. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/.../PMC4112140 (2014) pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19286518 (2009) NAD acts as a cofactor in several oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions and is a substrate for several non-redox enzymes.
NAD is critical to a variety of cellular processes, including energy metabolism, cell signaling, and epigenetics. NAD homeostasis appears to be of paramount importance for health and longevity, and its dysregulation is associated with multiple diseases. NAD metabolism is dynamic and is maintained by synthesis and degradation. Dysregulation of CD38 causes changes in NAD homeostasis and contributes to the pathophysiology of multiple conditions.
In fact, in animal models, the development of infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, fibrosis, metabolic diseases, and age-associated diseases, including cancer, heart disease, and neurodegeneration, are associated with altered CD38 enzymatic activity. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35138178 (2022) Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) increases mitochondrial energy and its deficiency is an essential factor in chronic diseases and aging. Avoiding DNA damage, and oxidative stress, by modulating enzymes such as sirtuins, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and AP endonuclease. www.liebertpub.com/.../ars.2017.7445 (2018)
Patients with short telomeres often experience bone marrow failure. we investigated the effect of NAD supplementation with the NAD precursor, nicotinamide riboside (NR), on the characteristics of the period of health disrupted by telomere impairment. NR improved body weight loss and improved telomere integrity and systemic inflammation induced by telomere dysfunction. In addition, NR alleviated villous atrophy and inflammation in the small intestine. link.springer.com/.../s11357-023-00752-2 (2023) Quercetin and apigenin increase NAD+ levels through inhibition of the multifunctional protein CD38 that is present in mitochondria.
CD38 levels increase in tissues with age and correlate with decreased NAD www.timelesslifemag.com/index.php/2016/06/29/quercetin-apegenin-may-sl.. (2016 ) Scientific evidence suggests that dietary polyphenols such as resveratrol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), and curcumin increase sirtuin activity and enhance NAD. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/.../PMC2896035 Nrf2 diet, covers electromagnetic fields and favors mitochondrial function, promotes powerful antioxidants such as NAD, quinone oxidoreductase and glutathione S-transferases, and many others.
www.selfhacked.com/blog/about-nrf2-and-natural-ways-to-increase-it/ (2018) www.mygenefood.com/activating-nrf2-pathway-nutrition-need-know/ (2018) NRPT is a combination of nicotinamide riboside and (NAD+), found in milk, and pterostilbene, a polyphenol found in blueberries, was administered to a population of 120 healthy adults between the ages of 60 and 80. The concentration of NAD + increased by approximately 40% in the group and approximately 90% after 4 weeks. www.nature.com/.../s41514-017-0016-9 (2017)
DNA damage and loss of the central metabolite NAD may contribute to both aging and COPD, and could be a target for interventions. An important event in aging is the loss of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a loss that may be important in promoting the proinflammatory environment that occurs with aging and therefore possibly COPD. In fact, NAD+ is emerging as a central metabolic molecule involved in multiple age-related pathways, including inflammation and metabolic control. Recently, the age-associated loss of NAD+ was shown to be due to M1 polarization of macrophages, suggesting that NAD+ is required for macrophage activation, an event that is involved in the pulmonary inflammatory response.
In humans, the therapeutic potential of increasing NAD+ levels through supplementation with one of its more bioavailable precursors has attracted attention. In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we treated stable COPD patients with the NAD precursor nicotinamide riboside (NR) for 6 weeks and followed up 12 weeks later. NAD levels were lower in COPD patients compared with controls with healthy lungs and correlated with lung function. NR significantly increased NAD levels, reduced lung inflammation, and cellular senescence in vivo and in vitro. Our findings suggest that NR could be a viable treatment option for COPD patients. papers.ssrn.com/.../papers.cfm (2023)
NR has been shown to return aged tissues to a younger state, possibly by increasing the sirtuin family of enzymes, known to play important roles in nearly all cellular functions. COPD patients have reduced airway sirtuin levels probably due to oxidative stress. Because sirtuins are NAD+ dependent, NR supplementation could serve as a treatment option for COPD patients through sirtuin activation. In addition, NAD+ replacement may facilitate greater overall resilience in older patients, considering the antiaging effects of nicotinamide riboside, allowing these patients to better cope with infections.
The chosen dose is 2 g per day orally. This dose has been shown to be safe and tolerated. The dose will be divided in two with the ingestion of 1 g in the morning and 1 g at night. NR is a natural vitamin B3 analog produced by yeast and found in many food products in low concentration. Many organisms, including humans, cannot produce NR, but instead have developed methods to convert it to the central redox modulator NAD+. Nicotinamide Riboside can return aged tissues to a younger state even after short-term treatment.
This vitamin B3 analog occurs naturally, is easily absorbed through oral administration, and has been tested in human trials with few side effects. Since this is a natural compound found widely in nature, no subjects have yet developed allergic responses to the molecule, and repeated doses of up to 2 g orally per day have demonstrated an acceptable safety profile. No treatment-emergent adverse events have been reported for NR to date. www.centerwatch.com/clinical-trials/listings/279828/inflammation-in-co.. (2023)
I am going to take this!!!
Very informative, I wonder if it's possible to just take it twice a week, without interruption for long time, for example 4-5 months in a row.
I would like also to see an article about Vit B5, which is a component of the Vit B complex, and is also named "Calcium Pantothenate". Is it a derivative of calcium supplement? (considering that Ca is not healthy to take as a supplement).
I started taking 1gm of NMN and resveratrol daily for two months and have noticed a positive change in my health.
I'm confused about dosage. In the article Dr. Mercola says, 50 mg of niacinamide 3 times a day. ..."in most supplement brands, the lowest available dose is 500 mg, and that will decrease NAD+ due to negative feedback on NAMPT, which is the opposite of what you're looking for. There are several other dosages mentioned in the article 200-300 mg. daily short term, I think. I'd like to take this but don't want to be counterproductive.
I ordered from Amazon - do you mix the powder with water?
Not sure of the best way to take it
Wonderful information! So, if a B-complex supplement includes Niacin (B3) would you ALSO take 50 mg of Niacinamide 3x per day? Would that be overdosing?
How many ounces of purified water do you drink with the 50 mg of Niacinamide???