These studies analyze the effectiveness of photobiomodulation (PBM) in neurodegenerative diseases that are increasingly common in aging populations around the world. The role that PBM plays in mitochondria has brought it to the fore as a potential therapeutic candidate in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, which are currently incurable due to their complex and multifaceted nature. Studies have also demonstrated the neuroprotective efficacy of PBM in various neurodegenerative disease models.
PBM uses red and infrared light to obtain therapeutic benefits and functions by stimulating, healing, regenerating and protecting organizations at risk of injury, degradation or death. Its application has expanded to the fields of neurology and psychiatry, where extensive research has been conducted.
Depending on the brain's dependence on mitochondrial activity, PBM activates multiple signaling pathways, including those mediated by ROS, resulting in upregulation of antioxidant defenses. Anti-apoptotic and pro-survival signals are also activated. Additionally, there are two other critical impacts on the ability to switch mitochondrial respiration from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation (fig 1):
1) Mobilizes stem cells from hypoxic niches, allowing them to migrate to sites of injury, where they can facilitate repair.
2) Alterations in mitochondria can switch microglial cells from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory and phagocytic states. In the brain, upregulation of neurotrophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), stimulates neurogenesis and promotes synaptic formation and neuronal plasticity.
It must be considered that PBM may affect the interaction between the microbiota and the immune system, which provides a possible explanation for its restorative properties in dysbiosis associated with neurodegenerative diseases.
Photobiomodulation therapy can manipulate the plasticity and secretome (they secrete cytokines and receptors that are capable of modifying the immune microenvironment) of bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal cells (MSCs) to turn them into an extraordinary anti-inflammatory and osteogenic instrument that It extends to conditions such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. immunological disorders and various forms of osteopenia. MSCs are a source of interest due to their capacity for self-renewal, giving rise to three different progenies: osteoblasts, chondrocytes and adipocytes. The functional decline of bone marrow-derived MSCs in aging is supported by compromised mitochondrial metabolism due to telomere attrition.
These studies analyze the effectiveness of photobiomodulation (PBM) in neurodegenerative diseases that are increasingly common in aging populations around the world. The role that PBM plays in mitochondria has brought it to the fore as a potential therapeutic candidate in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, which are currently incurable due to their complex and multifaceted nature. Studies have also demonstrated the neuroprotective efficacy of PBM in various neurodegenerative disease models.
PBM uses red and infrared light to obtain therapeutic benefits and functions by stimulating, healing, regenerating and protecting organizations at risk of injury, degradation or death. Its application has expanded to the fields of neurology and psychiatry, where extensive research has been conducted.
Depending on the brain's dependence on mitochondrial activity, PBM activates multiple signaling pathways, including those mediated by ROS, resulting in upregulation of antioxidant defenses. Anti-apoptotic and pro-survival signals are also activated. Additionally, there are two other critical impacts on the ability to switch mitochondrial respiration from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation (fig 1):
1) Mobilizes stem cells from hypoxic niches, allowing them to migrate to sites of injury, where they can facilitate repair.
2) Alterations in mitochondria can switch microglial cells from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory and phagocytic states. In the brain, upregulation of neurotrophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), stimulates neurogenesis and promotes synaptic formation and neuronal plasticity.
It must be considered that PBM may affect the interaction between the microbiota and the immune system, which provides a possible explanation for its restorative properties in dysbiosis associated with neurodegenerative diseases.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38338901/ (2024).---
https://www.future-science.com/doi/full/10.2144/fsoa-2023-0155 (2024).--
https://www.imrpress.com/journal/JIN/23/5/10.31083/j.jin2305092/htm (2024).--
https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/7/1828 (2023).--
https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/revneuro-2022-0109/html (2023).--
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10571-020-01016-9 (2022).--
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10103-023-03899-8 (2023).--
Photobiomodulation therapy can manipulate the plasticity and secretome (they secrete cytokines and receptors that are capable of modifying the immune microenvironment) of bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal cells (MSCs) to turn them into an extraordinary anti-inflammatory and osteogenic instrument that It extends to conditions such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. immunological disorders and various forms of osteopenia. MSCs are a source of interest due to their capacity for self-renewal, giving rise to three different progenies: osteoblasts, chondrocytes and adipocytes. The functional decline of bone marrow-derived MSCs in aging is supported by compromised mitochondrial metabolism due to telomere attrition.
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/20417314221110192 (2022)
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/lsm.23644 (2023).--
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1572100024001303 (2024).--