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It is essential to follow the dose of nicotinamide recommended by Dr. Mercola. Mitochondrial dysfunction is caused by poor nutrition. highly processed and contaminated diet with pesticides, load of sugars and additives, vaccines, fluoridated and contaminated water, stress, etc. Nicotinamide can improve mitochondrial quality by promoting autophagy. This effect was observed in human cells, maintaining the normal functioning of mitochondria as an essential factor in chronic diseases and aging. NAD acts as a cofactor in several oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions and is a substrate for several non-redox enzymes. NAD is critical for a variety of cellular processes, including energy metabolism, cell signaling, and epigenetics. NAD homeostasis appears to be of utmost importance for health and longevity, and its dysregulation is associated with multiple diseases.

Deregulation of CD38, a glycoprotein found on the surface of many immune cells, causes changes in NAD homeostasis and contributes to the pathophysiology of multiple conditions. Indeed, in animal models, the development of infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, fibrosis, metabolic diseases, and age-related diseases, including cancer, heart disease, and neurodegeneration, are associated with altered CD38 enzyme activity.

Ingestion of NMN has been shown to improve age-related diseases and probably delay death. Many studies have suggested that the oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ) is implicated in a broad spectrum of human pathologies, including neurodegenerative disorders, cardiomyopathy, obesity, and diabetes.

Furthermore, healthy aging and longevity appear to be closely related to NAD+ and its related metabolites, including nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN). Accumulating evidence suggests that NAM plays a role in cancer chemoprevention and therapy. Phase III clinical trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of NAM in chemoprevention in the treatment of head and neck, larynx and urinary bladder cancers, incorporating their results into clinical practice. More references in the links.

https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/ars.2017.7445 (2018).---

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19473119/ (2018).—

https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/3/477 (2020).--

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35138178/ (2022).---

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41537-023-00357-w (2023).--

https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/16/6078 (2023).--

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10917541/ (2024).--

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/mc.23673 (2024).---

NAD+ may have immunomodulatory properties in inflammation. Nicotinamide how precuror dr NAD + contributes to the immune response and inflammatory conditions, with a focus on multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel diseases and inflammation.

https://bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/bph.15477 (2022).--

Short telomeres are a defining characteristic of telomere biology disorders (TBD). Patients with TBD often experience bone marrow failure. Nicotinsmide improved body weight loss and improved telomere integrity and systemic inflammation induced by telomere dysfunction. Additionally, nicotinamide alleviated villous atrophy and inflammation in the small intestine. Overall, NAD constitutes a therapeutic strategy to improve the aspects of health compromised by telomere wear.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11357-023-00752-2

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